Description: This course examines the historical relationship between labor and capital. Topics may include: who labors, what counts as labor, the automation of labor, the relationship between labor and economic systems, pre-industrial labor, industrialization, consumerism, the concept of productivity, race, gender, class, and ableism. The course will also explore the ways laborers make citizenship claims, the local and international dimensions of labor activism, the ways states frame laborers as symbols of patriotism or the antithesis of state development, and the ways the state seeks to manipulate laborers into productive units of society.